2.5.37:Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016

37. Realization of security interest by secured creditor.

(1) A secured creditor who seeks to realize its security interest under section 52 shall intimate the liquidator of the price at which he proposes to realize its secured asset.

(2) The liquidator shall inform the secured creditor within twenty one sevenSubstituted vide Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2026 dated 01.06.2026. To view the notification, Click Here days of receipt of the intimation under sub-regulation (1) if a person is willing to buy the secured asset before the expiry of thirty  fourteenSubstituted vide Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2026 dated 01.06.2026. To view the notification, Click Here days from the date of intimation under sub-regulation (1), at a price higher than the price intimated under sub-regulation (1).

(3) Where the liquidator informs the secured creditor of a person willing to buy the secured asset under sub regulation (2), the secured creditor shall sell the asset to such person.

(4) If the liquidator does not inform the secured creditor in accordance with sub-regulation (2), or the person does not buy the secured asset in accordance with sub-regulation (2), the secured creditor may realize the secured asset in the manner it deems fit, but at least at the price intimated under sub-regulation (1).

(5) Where the secured asset is realized under sub-regulation (3), the secured creditor shall bear the cost of identification of the buyer under sub-regulation (2).

(6) Where the secured asset is realized under sub-regulation (4), the liquidator shall bear the cost ofOmitted vide Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Third Amendment) Regulations, 2020 dated 05.08.2020. To view the notification, Click Here incurred to identify the buyer under sub-regulation (2).

(7) The provisions of this Regulation shall not apply if the secured creditor enforces his security interest under the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 (54 of 2002) or the Recovery of Debts and Bankruptcy Act, 1993 (51 of 1993).

(8)Inserted vide the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Amendment) Regulations, 2020 dated 06.01.2020. To view the Notification, Click Here. A secured creditor shall not sell or transfer an asset, which is subject to security interest, to any person, who is not eligible under the Code to submit a resolution plan for insolvency resolution of the corporate debtor.

(1) A liquidator may assign or transfer a not readily realisable asset through a transparent process, in consultation with  with prior approval ofSubstituted vide Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2026 dated 01.06.2026. To view the notification, Click Here the stakeholders’ consultationOmitted vide Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2026 dated 01.06.2026. To view the notification, Click Here committee in accordance with regulation 31A,Omitted vide Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2026 dated 01.06.2026. To view the notification, Click Here  for a consideration to any person, who is eligible to submit a resolution plan for insolvency resolution of the corporate debtor.

Explanation.-For the purposes of this sub-regulation, “not readily realisable asset” means any asset included in the liquidation estate which could not be sold through available options and includes contingentor disputed assets and assets underlying proceedings for preferential,  undervalued, extortionate credit and fraudulent transactions referred to in sections43 to 51 and section 66 of the Code,whether crystallised or notInserted vide Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2026 dated 01.06.2026. To view the notification, Click Here